my talks: 2016

Discoverer Definitions:

What is Discoverer:

Oracle Discoverer(like Oracle Reports) is part of Oracle's Business Intelligence set of tools.
Oracle Discoverer is an adhoc query tool enabling users to develop reports to meet business needs.

Why Discoverer?

Oracle Discoverer is intended to provide end users access to data and allow them to do data analysis.
Oracle Discoverer provides business users with data analysis capabilities,regardless of whether the RDBMS was designed for an OLTP system or as a data warehouse.
Discoverer is an ad hoc reporting tool,it allows end users to quickly create reports without the need of knowledge of SQL.

Discoverer Architecture:

Prerequisites of using Discoverer:

Before using Discoverer Administrator the following are the Prerequisites:

A suitable database must be installed and available.An Oracle Enterprise Edition database will support the use of materialized views to improve the performance of the summary folders
Discoverer Administrator must have been installed on a PC, typically as part of a full Oracle Developer Suite installation.

Before end users can use Discoverer, the following are the Prerequisites:

Either one or both of the following must have been installed

Discoverer plus and/or Discoverer Viewer must have been installed on an application server machine and configured correctly as part of an Oracle Business Intelligence installation
Discoverer Desktop must have been installed on the end users'PCs

Oracle Discoverer Administration:

Oracle Discoverer 10g Administrator is one of the components of Oracle Discoverer.
Discoverer Administrator is a tool to hide the complexity of the database from business users, so they can answer business questions quickly and accurately using Oracle Discoverer.
Discoverer Administrator's wizard-style interfaces enable you to:

set up and maintain the End User Layer (EUL)
control access to information
create conditions and calculations for Discoverer end users to include in their worksheets

Users of Discoverer Administrator are called Discoverer managers.

Implementation Flow Chart:

End User layer (EUL):

What is End User Layer?

The End User Layer (EUL) is the metadata (i.e. data about the actual data in a database) that is simple and easy for Discoverer end users to understand. We use Discoverer Administrator to create, customize, and maintain this view for our users so they can easily access data in Discoverer. We must have access to at least one EUL in order to use Discoverer.

Why End User Layer?

The EUL insulates Discoverer end users from the complexity usually associated with databases. It provides an intuitive, business-focused view of the database using terms that Discoverer end users are familiar with and can easily understand. This enables Discoverer end users to focus on business issues instead of data access issues.

What does the EUL contain?

The EUL contains the metadata that defines one or more business areas.Business areas can be set up to reflect the needs of the user or group of users accessing the EUL.

What are EUL tables?

Discoverer creates the EUL tables.
The EUL Manager dialog enables you to create or delete the set of tables that make up an EUL.
When a Discoverer manager defines folders and items in a business area using Discoverer Administrator, Discoverer generates the appropriate SQL statements (that define the selections from a table, view, or column) and stores them in the EUL tables.
When a Discoverer end user executes a query (in Discoverer Plus or Discoverer Viewer), Discoverer generates the corresponding SQL statement and sends it to the database, which in turn returns the results to display in Discoverer.
The Discoverer end user does not have to understand any SQL to access, analyze and retrieve data. It is all handled by Discoverer.

Privileges to create an End User Layer:

To Create an End user Layer in an oracle database, the database user that the EUL is being created in must have the following database privileges:

CREATE SESSION

CREATE TABLE

CREATE VIEW
CREATE SEQUENCE

CREATE PROCEDURE

The Database user must also have the following specified:

A default tablespace (this must not be a temporary tablespace)

A quota set in the default tablespace (recommended minimum is 3MB)

How to create End User Layer (EUL):

Use the EUL Manager to create and maintain EULs for different users(user ids) in the database

Navigate: Discoverer Administrator->Tools->EUL Manager

The create EUL wizard walks you through the steps of creating a new EUL. The first step is to choose the user who will own the new EUL. 'APPS' database user has access to all the schema used for Oracle Apps.

Navigate: Discoverer Administrator->Tools->EUL Manager->Create EUL

The user creating EUL for a schema should know the password of schema's database user id

select the default temporary tablespace for the new user by clicking your choice in the list.These settings are database settings.Default table space must be at least Mb

How to know the default End User Layer (EUL):

Discoverer Administrator->Tools->options

Business Area:

Business areas are conceptual groupings of tables and/or views designed to match Discoverer end users specific data requirements.

Example :

An accounting department needs a business area that represents data about budgets and finance.

Alternatively, managers in a human resources department need a business area specifically for departments and employee information.

Discoverer Administrator displays a business area as a file cabinet on the Data tab of the Work area.

A business area can be opened to display its folders and items

Business Area Concepts:

Business Area creation:

Create a Business Area and load data into it (mandatory)

Business areas are conceptual groupings of tables and/or views
Discoverer Administrator displays a business area as a file cabinet on the Data tab of the Work area.
You create a business area in Discoverer Administrator using the Load Wizard (User-friendly Interface)
Identify the data source and have a clear understanding of its design.
Identify which tables, views, and columns are required. Identify those that are likely to be included in multiple business areas.
Map out the necessary joins and determine whether they exist in the database or will have to be created by you using Discoverer Administrator.
Identify security issues and access privileges.

Business Area - Load Wizard:

The load Wizard is where you open existing business areas or create a new one .

It is the first step to working in the Administration Edition.

Navigate: Discoverer Administrator->File->New

Discoverer allows you to load metadata that is present in the database,but in non-oracle format.

Define the objects that will be loaded into the new business area.you choices depend or where you chose to get your meta data.

'ONT' schema is the owner of two tables in the report.

Select the specific objects to load into the business area.

Each table and view that you select will be a folder in the business area.

Two tables to be used in the report are selected.

These options will let you make your business area and its folders easy to find and access

finally ,you must name your new business area

Business Area-Other features:

Features provided for Business Area:

Opening an Existing Business Area (File> Open)
Exporting a Business Area to a File (File> Export)
Importing EUL elements from a File (e.g.. Business Area,Folders, Functions etc) (File> Export)
Editing Business Area Properties (Double click on Business Area Icon)
Deleting a Business Area (Right Click > Delete Business Area)
Synchronizing the Business Area with the Database(File> Refresh)
Data migration issues (Analytic Functions)

Access privileges:

Use Discoverer access permissions to control who can see and use the data in business areas
Use Discoverer task privileges to control the tasks each user is allowed to perform
You can grant Discoverer access permissions and task privileges to database roles as well as to database users.
Data access rights to the database tables remain under the control of the database administrator.

Granting Access Permission for Business Area:

This section describes how to grant (or deny) access permission for business areas to specific users or roles

Navigate: Tools->security

Apps and Scott users will be able to access the business area.

Granting Task Privileges:

Use this tab to grant privileges to a specific user or role/responsibility*.
Oracle Applications users will see the term Responsibility displayed here instead of Role.
Grant the head privilege (Administration, User Edition) before you grant the privileges under it.
If you wish to grant (or deny) Administration privileges to a user or role, you must also grant (or deny) that user Administration access to the business area.

Navigate: Tools->Privileges

Administration Edition Tasks:

Create/Edit Business Area
Create Summaries
Set Privilege
Manage Scheduled Workbooks

Discoverer plus Tasks:

Create/Edit Query
Collect Query Statistics
Item Drill
Drill Out
Grant Workbook
Schedule Workbooks
Save Workbooks to database

Query Retrieval Limits:

Use this tab to view and edit the query retrieval limits for a specified user or responsibility

Navigate : Tools->Privileges->Query Governor

Specifying Schedule Workbench Limits:

To set the parameters for scheduling workbooks to a user or role that has that Privilege

Navigate: Tools->Privileges->Scheduled Workbooks

Folders:

Analogous to a directory in Windows where folders are the containers and items are the files held in the folders.

Folders can include items, calculated items, joins, conditions, item classes, and hierarchies.
You can assign a folder to one or more business areas.
A folder has a single definition, regardless of the number of business areas to which you assign it.

Three Types of Folders:

Simple Folders: which contain items based on columns in a single database table or view
Complex Folders: which can contain items based on columns from multiple database tables or views. This is analogous to a view in the database.
Custom Folders: which are based on SQL statements

Adding Simple Folders from Database:

This section describes how to add Simple folders from the database to an existing business area.

Follow the same process you use when creating a new business area.

Navigate: Insert> Folder> From Database> On-line Dictionary

Creating Custom Folder:

Creating new custom folder Enter the SQL query to this custom folder

This section describes how to create a custom folder

TIP:

You can add comments to your SQL statements by beginning the comment line with -
Like other folders,custom folders requires joins in order for its data to relate to other data in the business area

Navigate: Insert->folder->Custom

Complex Folder:

Complex folders consist of items from one or more other folders.
Complex folders enable you to create a combined view of data from multiple folders.
This can simplify the business area without creating a new database view.
Complex folder’s result set could also be produced by a database view.

But:

Complex folders can be created without the database privileges required to create a database view.
Security is handled through the Folder’s Business Area.
Complex Folders has no effect on the physical schema, thus they are very safe to use.
Views can be complicated to maintain, whereas Complex Folders are managed entirely within Discoverer Administration Edition.

Creating Complex folder:

On the Data page of the work area, select the business area to which, you want to add a Complex folder.
Choose Insert | Folder | New. This creates a new complex folder.
Drag items from any folder (in any open business area) to your new folder.

Each item that is added in the complex folder must belong to a folder, that is joined to the folder of at least one other item in the complex folder
Item dragged and dropped in complex folder references the original, source item. Therefore any change made in the original item will reflect on the item inside the complex folder.

Navigate: Insert->Folder->New

Manage Folders:

Items:

An Item, is a representation of a database table's column, in the EUL
Administrator can do following on items (Columns):

Formatting Change

Name Change

Other changes to enable user to clearly read the data

Items are stored in folders and can be:

Created

Deleted

Moved among different folders

Editing Item Properties:

This section shows you how to enhance the user's view of the data by editing item properties.

Navigate: Item->Right click->properties

Joins:

A join relates two folders using one or more common items.
End users cannot create joins
Administrator has to create joins for end users to create reports that combine information from multiple folders.
A join between two folders enables you to include items from both folders when creating (Worksheet, Complex Folder, Hierarchy)
Single item joins relate two folders using an item that is common to both folders.
Multi-item joins relate two folders using more than one join condition.
You cannot directly include functions or literals (e.g. text strings, numbers, dates) in the join conditions.
Items in joins can be hidden later, allowing end users to benefit from the use of joined folders without having to see the join details.
While Creating Joins, You do not need to enter a name for the join, Discoverer Administrator automatically creates a default name for the join when you click OK.

Create Joins:

To create a join, select

the Master folder
the operator
the detail folder

Use ‘Multi-Item’ for joining multiple Master and detail folders

For defining join types (outer join, Foreign key with null value, one to one relationship) use ‘OPTIONS'

Navigate: Item->Right click->New Join

Edit Join Properties:

You can inspect and edit more than one Join item at a time.
Select a join to view its properties.
If you select more than one Join Property and make a change to a property, the changes apply to all selected properties.

Navigate: Join Name->Right Click->Properties

The Screen details are same as 'Create Join' screen

Navigate: Join Name->Right Click->Edit Join

Create Calculation Item:

Calculation Items behave much like any other Item in a Folder
Calculated Item can be used in Conditions, Summaries, Lists of Values, Joins, and other Calculation Items.
3 Calculations in Discoverer

Derived calculations

Aggregate calculations

Aggregate Derived calculations

Add new item to show difference of order qty and invoice qty in sample report

Navigate: Folder Name->Right Click->New Item

Editing Calculation Properties:

Same as item Properties

Navigate: Item Name->Right click->Properties

Editing Item Calculation:

This section describes how to edit an existing Calculation.

Navigate: Item Name->Right Click->Edit Item

Create Conditions:

End users can use Conditions to restrict the results of their query to the areas they are interested
This can result in faster queries.
No condition is applied in the sample report

Navigate: Item (on which condition to apply)> Right Click> New Condition

Hierarchies:

Hierarchy is a logical linking that you define between Items that enables Discoverer Plus users to:

drill up (to a greater level of aggregation)

drill down (to a greater level of detail).

Hierarchical relationships are not defined in the database; you create them in the Business Area.
Discoverer Hierarchies mimic data relationships from the end user’s perspective instead of from the database perspective.
There are two types of Hierarchy in Discoverer Administration Edition:

Item Hierarchies

Date Hierarchies

Creating Item Hierarchy:

Navigate: Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click> New Hierarchy> Item Hierarchy

Creating Date Hierarchy:

Example: Year->Month->Week

User looks at total sales for each year in their records, they can drill down (using the Date Hierarchy)
you implement this Date Hierarchy in a Business Area, and an end user has a report in Discoverer Plus
You can use Discoverer Administration Edition’s existing Date Hierarchy templates to define many common Date Hierarchies, or you can create your own customized Date Hierarchies.

Navigate: Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click> New Hierarchy> Date Hierarchy

Default date hierarchy is used in sample report

You can choose the date items in your business area that will use the new date hierarchy

Navigate: Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click> New Hierarchy> Date Hierarchy

Note: This step is optional.

Like other items in your Business Area, you can name your hierarchy.

Choose names that describe the hierarchy so they are easy to find and use later.

Navigate: Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click> New Hierarchy> Date Hierarchy

Item Class:

An item class is a group of items that share similar attributes.

The administrator creates an item class to enable the following features:

Lists of values

Alternative sorts

Drill-to-detail links (hyper drills)

These features help users build queries more quickly and easily.
The item class can be created to support these features individually, or in combination
The only exception is that an alternative sort must relate to a list of values

List of Values:

A list of values is the item’s set of unique values

The values the item class references correspond to those found in a database column.
Lists of values are used by end users to refer to values in the database and to apply conditions and parameter values.
Lists of values are often generated automatically when the business area is first created (in Load Wizard: Step 4).
The Item Class Wizard provides a way to extend a list of values to other items.

create List of Values:

Select the items that use this item class.
If you do not select the items using the item class, you will need to apply the item class to specific items later.

Navigate: Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> List of Values

Alternative sorts:

Data elements to be sorted in an alternative order other than Ascending or Descending Order

For example, a series of sales regions would be sorted alphabetically by default, such as

East,

North,

South, and

West

But the end user may need them sorted in this order:

North,

South,

East, and

West.

No Alternate sort is used in Sample Report

Create Alternative sorts:

Select the item that generates list of values.
You may choose from any Business Area in the End User Layer.
Selecting a Business Area displays its folders.
Click the plus (+) symbol to open folders and view the items contained in them.

Navigate: Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> Alternative sort

Select the item containing the alternative sort sequence

Note that the alternative sort item must be in the same folder as the list of values.

Navigate: Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> Alternative sort

Select the items that use this item class.

If you do not select the items using the item class, you will need to apply the item class to specific items later.

Navigate: Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> Alternative sort

Summary Folders:

Summary folders are a representation of queried data that has been saved for reuse.
Created to improve query response time for end users.
Query is improved because the query accesses pre-aggregated and pre-joined data rather than accessing the database tables.
The data is stored in the database in one of the following

materialized views

Why Summary Folders?

This can improve query performance in Discoverer Plus and Discoverer Viewer.

my talks

Friday, 16 September 2016

Wednesday, 10 August 2016

DISCOVERER ADMINISTRATOR CONCEPTS

Discoverer Definitions:

Oracle Discoverer Administration:

Business Area:

Folders:

Items:

Joins:

Hierarchies:

Item Class:

Summary Folders: